2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试
英语试题
Section Ⅰ
Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that 1 the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by 2 factors. But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big 3 was leading decisionmakers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with. 4, he theorised that a judge 5 of appearing too soft 6 crime might be more likely to send someone to prison 7 he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.
To 8 this idea, he turned to the universityadmissions process. In theory, the 9 of an applicant should not depend on the few others 10 randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr. Simonsohn suspected the truth was 11 .
He studied the results of 9，323 MBA interviews 12 by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had 13 applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale 14numerous factors into consideration. The scores were 15 used in conjunction with an applicants score on the Graduate Management Admission Test, or GMAT, a standardized exam which is 16 out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.
Dr. Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 075 points or more higher than that of the one 17 that, then the score for the next applicant would 18 by an average of 0075 points. This might sound small, but to 19 the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been 20.
1. A grantsB submitsC transmitsD delivers
2. A minorB externalC crucialD objective
3. A issueB visionC pictureD moment
4. A Above allB On averageC In principleD For example
5. A fondB fearfulC capableD thoughtless
6. A inB forC toD on
7. A ifB untilC thoughD unless
8. A testB emphasizeC shareD promote
9. A decisionB qualityC statusD success
10. A foundB studiedC chosenD identified
11. A otherwiseB defensibleC replaceableD exceptional
12. A inspiredB expressedC conductedD secured
13. A assignedB ratedC matchedD arranged
14. A putB gotC tookD gave
15. A insteadB thenC everD rather
16. A selectedB passedC markedD introduced
17. A belowB afterC aboveD before
18. A jumpB floatC fluctuateD drop
19. A achieveB undoC maintainD disregard
20. A necessaryB possibleC promisingD helpful
考研英语历年真题
2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
Section Ⅱ
Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
◆Text 1◆
In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesnt affect her. Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistants sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to departments stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.
This topdown conception of the fashion business couldnt be more out of date or at odds with the feverish world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Clines threeyear indictment of “fast fashion”. In the last decade or so, advances in technology have allowed massmarket labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent release, and more profit. These labels encourage styleconscious consumers to see clothes as disposable—meant to last only a wash or two, although they dont advertise that—and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering ontrend items at dirtcheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.
The victims of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a $595 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300plus stores around the world, it must rely on lowwage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.
Overdressed is the fashion worlds answer to consumeractivist bestsellers like Michael Pollans The Omnivores Dilemma. “Massproduced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is nondurable and wasteful,” Cline argues. Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year—about 64 items per person—and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.
Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes—and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example cant be knocked off.
Though several fastfashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment—including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line—Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they cant afford not to.
21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her .
A poor bargaining skill
B insensitivity to fashion
C obsession with high fashion
D lack of imagination
22. According to Cline, massmarket labels urge consumers to .
A combat unnecessary waste
B shut out the feverish fashion world
C resist the influence of advertisements
D shop for their garments more frequently
23. The word “indictment” (Line 2, Para2) is closest in meaning to .
A accusation
B enthusiasm
C indifference
D tolerance
24. Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A Vanity has more often been found in idealists.
B The fastfashion industry ignores sustainability.
C People are more interested in unaffordable garments.
D Pricing is vital to environmentfriendly purchasing.
25. What is the subject of the text?
A Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.
B Challenge to a highfashion myth.
C Criticism of the fastfashion industry.
D Exposure of a massmarket secret.
商品搜索
