2007年考研英语阅读复习特别提示及讲义(八) |
作者:佚名 文章来源:不详 点击数: 更新时间:2007-2-26 12:44:19 |
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unit 9 part 1
重点词汇: identify(辨别;视为同一)即ident+ify,ident词根“同一”,-ify动词后缀“使……”;identification(识别;身份证明)←identify去y加-ication名词后缀;identical(同一的)←ident+ical形容词后缀。Any man over thirty identifies his youth with the worst fault he thinks he is capable of.任何过了三十岁的人都把自己的青年时代视为自认所能犯下的最大错误。 relevant(相关的;意义重大的)即re+lev+ant,re-前缀,lev词根“升,举”,-ant形容词后缀,故“从……升起的”→“源自……的”→相关的。同根词:elevate(升举,提高)←e+lev+ate;elevator(电梯,升降机)←e+lev+at(e)+or。The discovery and use of knowledge has always been relevant to a humane future.对于一个人道的未来,知识的发现与运用一直是关系重大的。 sympathy(n.同情;共鸣)即sym+path+y,sym-(=syn-,在p前n变形为m以方便发音,前缀“同”),path词根“感情”,-y抽象名词后缀;sympathize/sympathise(v.同情;共鸣),-ize/-ise为动词后缀;sympathetic(同情的;共鸣的)←sym+path+etic形容词后缀。 alternatively(二者择一地;另外)←alter改变+nat(e)+ive+ly;alternative(二者择一的;供选择的事物)←alter+nat(e)+ive;alternate(v.交替;交替的)←alter+nate。Love's alternate joy and woe.爱情就是交替的欢乐与痛苦。 convention (大会;惯例;公约)即con+ven(t)+tion,con-一起,ven(t)来,-tion名词后缀,故“人们来到一起”→开“大会”,而“大会制定的规则”即是“公约”,公约遵守时间长了就成为“惯例”。stomp(n.v.重踏)←stamp(邮票;标志)也有相同含义,想象“猛盖邮戳”→重踏。 appropriate(适当的)即ap+propri+ate,ap-前缀加强语气,propri看作proper(适当的),-ate后缀; inappropriate(不适当的)←in否定前缀+appropriate。Extreme remedies are very appropriate for extreme diseases.烈性药物对于重病是非常适宜的。←这句话是西方医学之父希波克拉底说的。 inedible(不可食的)←in否定前缀+ed(=eat)+ible能……的。 resent (v.愤怒、怨恨)即re+sent,re(=against反对),sent(=sense感觉),于是“在感觉上反对”→愤恨。People don't resent having nothing nearly as much as too little.人们所不满的往往是太少,而不是没有。 disparaging (轻视的)←dis否定前缀+par平等+ag(e)后缀+ing后缀。 scapegoat (替罪羊)可这样记:escape(n.v.逃跑)←e+scape,把e看作ex-,则scape就是没有“离开”的→“逃不掉的”→“留下来替罪的”,于是scape+goat→替罪羊。与“羊”有关的另一习语:black sheep(害群之马;败家子),源自谚语There is a black sheep in every flock. casual(偶然的;漫不经心的)即cas降落+ual后缀;casualty(严重意外事故;伤亡者)←cas+ual+ty名词后缀。Aoff-the-cuff 即席的。 deliver (v.传递;释放;发表;分娩)即de+liver,de-前缀“使”,liver(=liber)词根“自由”,于是从“使自由”推出deliver的各项含义;delivery (传递)←deliver+y名词后缀。Lord, deliver me from myself.主啊,解放不能自拔的我吧。 light-hearted 轻松愉快的。 familiar (熟悉的;亲近的)即famil(y)+iar形容词后缀,“感觉像家一样的”;familiarity(熟悉)←familiar+ity名词后缀。exaggeration(夸张)←ex加强语气+agger堆积+ation名词后缀;exaggerate(夸张)←ex+agger+ate动词后缀。understatement (掩饰;轻描淡写的陈述)←under+statement;反义词:overstatement(夸大的陈述)←over+statement。 privilege (n.优惠;特权v.给予优惠或特权)即privi+leg+e,privi(=private)词根“私人的”,leg词根“法律”(如legal“法律的;合法的”←leg+al),e为小词,于是“私人的法律”→特权。To have become a deeper man is the privilege of those who have suffered.变得更加深谋远虑是受过磨难的人的特权。 effectively(有效地)即ef+fect+ive+ly,ef-前缀表“加强”,fect词根“做”,-ive形容词后缀,-ly副词后缀;去ly即为形容词effective。 难句解析: ①Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. ▲该句是一个复杂单句,句子的主语是your humor,后面有两个平行的谓语must be和should help,它们后面分别有其宾语。其中should help后面的宾语是不定式to show,而它的宾语比较复杂,是两个并列的宾语从句:that you are one of them和that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view,中间用or连接。 △本句结构比较简明,只需注意show them后面是两个并列的宾语从句就可以了。后面的宾语从句中有个很有用的词组in sympathy with,表示同情、同意、赞同。 ②If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it'll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman's notorious bad taste in ties. ▲if引导了一个条件从句,而后面的主句是两个子句构成的并列句。在第一个子句you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you中又有一个定语从句which are common to all of you来修饰the experiences and problems,而后面的子句的结构是一个it is adj. for sb. to do sth.的结构。 △要看懂本句,重点在于要把后面的两个子句断开,并分别理解。 ③Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. ▲该句是一个祈使句。谓语是include,宾语是remarks,后面有一个定语从句修饰它。 △注意该句的特性。另外注意off-the-cuff的意思。 ④Often it's the delivery whi [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] ... 下一页 >>
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