南开中学 段胜利

　　一、介词考查比例不大

　　介词在高考试题中的数量，一般是有2至3个，所占的比例不大，多出现在单选、完形和改错中。例如：

　　2007年高考天津卷第4题

　　________ fire, all exits must be kept clear.

　　A. In place of

　　B. Instead of

　　C. In case of

　　D. In spite of

　　答案C。考查介词短语。

　　2004年高考天津卷第39题

　　“ Ready … set … ” The gun popped and we were off . The other girls rushed 39 me. I felt ashamed as I fell farther and farther behind.

　　39. A. from behind

　　B. ahead of

　　C. next to

　　D. close to

　　答案B。考查介词短语。根据as I fell farther and farther behind的语义选择ahead of，“在……前面”。

　　2006年高考天津卷第60题

　　to me to join in activities. As a result, I gradually got to know 59.

　　the other campers. Because the help you gave me that summer, 60.

　　my life changed. I gained so much confidence that I go back 61.

　　第60题答案，Because后面加上of，考查正确使用介词的能力。

　　二、介词短语的认知和介词的基本用法是考查重点

　　高考天津卷近几年涉及到介词的考查集中在介词短语的认知和介词的基本用法，题目通常不是很难。但由于许多题目涉及到搭配、介词的多种用法和不同介词连接同一名词的不同含义，因此在复习时有时也会感觉不好掌握。从词汇角度掌握介词要注意：

　　(一)记准介词相关的搭配和介词短语的语义

　　动词与介词、形容词与介词以及介词与名词等所形成的搭配结构，是介词考查的重点，也是我们学习时的一个难点。对于搭配问题，首先是理解不同介词的含义，在此基础上要强化机械记忆，记准搭配结构。

　　例一 Scientists are convinced the positive effect of laughter physical and mental health.

　　A. of; at B. by; in

　　C. of; on D. on; at

　　答案C。考查动词convince的介词搭配“convince sb of sth”，名词effect和介词的搭配，effect on sth。要特别注意还有一些动词，如rob，remind等都有相似的结构，即rob/remind sb of sth。“他抢劫了我的钱”，要表达为“He robbed me of my money.”而不能只顾中文思维，错误地说成“ He robbed my money.”

　　例二 The better use you can make time, the greater contributions you will make_______ society.

　　A.in, to B.on, for

　　C.of, to D. in, on

　　答案C。考查两个动词词组make use of sth和 make contribution to sth。

　　例三 After the earthquake, the injured were cared _____in the local hospitals or taken by air to the hospitals of neighboring cities.

　　A. of B. for

　　C. after D. with

　　答案B。考查动词词组care for sb。

　　例四 Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______ they can be controlled on purpose.

　　A. with which

　　B. to which

　　C. of which

　　D. for which

　　答案B。本题表面上看是考查定语从句，而实质上却是考查使用介词的能力，即(in)to (some)the degree，到某种程度上。

　　例五 In order to change attitudes____employing women，the government is bringing in new laws.

　　A.about B.of

　　C.towards D.on

　　答案C。考查名词和介词的搭配，attitudes towards，…的态度

　　例六 People have always been curious _____how living things in the earth exactly began.

　　A. in B. at

　　C. of D. about

　　答案D。考查形容词和名词的搭配，be curious about sth。

　　例七 _____achievement, last week’s ministerial meeting of the WTO here earned a low, though not failing, grade.

　　A. In terms of

　　B. In case of

　　C. As a result

　　D. In face of

　　答案A。考查介词短语的不同含义。in terms of，从…方面来说；in case of，万一；as a result，结果；in face of，面对，面临。

　　例八 My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was ____it.

　　A. in favor of

　　B. in memory of

　　C. in honor of

　　D. in search of

　　答案A。考查介词短语的不同含义。in favor of，赞成，喜欢；in memory of，纪念，怀念；in honor of，以纪念，向......表示敬意；in search of，寻找。选项中的四个介词短语，结构相同，记忆时可以根据其中的名词favor，memory，honor，search的不同含义来加以理解和记忆。