2007年考研英语阅读复习特别提示及讲义(四) |
作者:佚名 文章来源:不详 点击数: 更新时间:2007-2-26 12:44:16 |
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unit 5 Part 1
重点词汇: imagination (想象;想象力)←imagin(e)想象+tion名词后缀。Imagination is more important than knowledge.想象力比知识更重要。Every great advance in science has issued from a new audacity of imagination.科学的每一个重大进展都得力于大胆的想象力。imagination — ①the highest kite one can fly ②a poor substitute for experience 想象——①一个人能放得最高的风筝 ②经验的劣质替代品。 symbol (符号;象征)即sym+bol,sym-共同,bol看作ball,“共同喜欢球类运动”→这是现代人的“象征”。Light is the symbol of truth.光是真理的象征。 cement (v.胶合;巩固n.水泥;胶接剂)。A sweet and innocent compliance is the cement of love.温柔天真的依从是爱情的粘合剂。 deprive (v.剥夺)即de+priv+e,de-(=away),priv词根“个人的”(如private→priv+ate→私人的),“使某物离开个人”→剥夺。Poverty often deprives a man of all spirit and virtue; it is hard for an empty bag to stand upright.贫穷常使人丧失全部精神与美德,空袋子是难以直立的。 persist(v.坚持,持续)即per+sist,per-“完全”,sist词根“站立”,于是“自始至终都站着”→坚持。参consistently(始终如一地),1999年Passage 5。To persist in efforts without losing the aim will finally result in success.不失目标地坚持努力终将导致成功。 complex(复杂的;综合的;联合体)即com+plex,com-“一起”,plex词根“重叠”,“重叠在一起的”→复杂的。参perplex(使困惑,使复杂化)←per完全+plex,2003年Text 2。Everything is simpler than you think and at the same time more complex than you imagine.凡事都比你思考的简单,同时比你想象的复杂。 go-ahead n.批准,允许。 wrong-headed 执迷不悟的。 environmental (周围的,环境的)←environment环境+al形容词后缀。 proper(适当的;合乎体统的;固有的)。Proper words in proper places make the true definition of style.风度的准确定义就是在适当的场合说适当的话。 resolve(v.n.决心;解决;决议)←re+solve解决。同根词:dissolve(v.溶解;解散)←dis+solve。 conflict (v.n.冲突)即con+flict,con-一起,flict词根“打”,“打在一起”→冲突。A marriage without conflicts is almost as inconceivable as a nation without crisis.没有冲突的婚姻几乎与没有危机的国家一样难以想象。 hydroelectric(水电的)即hydro+electric,hydro词根“水的”,electric单词“电的”。另记:hydrogen(氢)←hydro+gen,这是化学家创造的英文单词,因为氢气燃烧的唯一产物是水,-gen后缀意为“致……的物质”。 irrigation (灌溉;水利) at the mercy of 受……支配;stop just short of 几乎要……;far from guaranteed 根本没有保障。 难句解析: ①Perhaps it is humankind's long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the ideal of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating. ▲这个句子中包含了一个强调句型,基本结构是it is... that...,强调部分的关键词是suffering,这个词就是后面that引导的从句的主语,因而这个句子的核心句其实就是Suffering makes the ideal so fascinating。suffering加上前后的修饰、限定成分是humankind's long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought(人类受水旱灾害控制的长期的苦难);ideal后面跟了一个of引导的分词短语:forcing the waters to do our bidding(让河水听我们吩咐[的这个理想]);suffering使得这个ideal如何呢?so fascinating。在掌握了这个整体框架之后,这个句子就很清楚了。 △通过分析结构我们知道此句强调的是suffering这个使得ideal如此fascinating的这个因果关系。一旦给that引导的从句找到了真正的主语suffering,这个句子的基本结构就出来了。 ②It doesn't help that building a big, powerful dam had become a symbol of achievement for nations and people striving to assert themselves. ▲这个句子中第一个单词it指代的是文章中上面的一句话,即“从大型水坝中得到的教训是不一定大的就是好的”。help后面是一个从句,在这个从句中,主语是一个现在分词短语,核心句是Building a dam had become a symbol of achievement。分词短语striving to assert themselves是修饰nations and people的限定成分。 △注意it doesn't help的意思,此处意为“无法阻止”。 ③The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left — all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity. ▲这个句子首先要注意的是有两个谓语:stopped和deprived;然后可以找出这个句子的核心句:The Aswan Dam stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the silt。第一个silt后面有一个that引导的从句that floods left修饰silt;破折号后面的all代替的是破折号前面所说的the fertile silt,介词短语in return for后面的宾语带了一个which引导的从句,修饰的是这个宾语:a giant reservoir of disease,同时这个从句中还有一个so... that的结构。如果把这个which引导的从句分解开来就是The reservoir is now full of silt, so it barely generates electricity。 △此句理解的关键有三个:一是找到两个谓语:stopped和deprived;二是要明白all指的是前面所说的the fertile silt;三就是which引导的从句修饰的是the reservoir of disease这个名词短语。 ④This week, in the heart of civilized Europe, Slovaks and Hungarians stopped just short of sending in the troops in their contention over a dam on the Danube. ▲这个句子理解上的困难可能出现在短语上。撇开前面的时间状语和地点状语不看,这个句子的核心句其实是Slovaks and Hungarians s
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